The HDMI or High-Definition Multimedia Interface was developed for the transmission of uncompressed digital video data between various consumer audio video products. Around the end of 2003, when HDTV was coming to the fore, the HDMI to DVI cable became a very necessary component.
The cables primary use is for connecting Play Stations, Xboxes, set-top boxes, DVD players and Audio Video receivers with High-Definition TV’s, computer monitors and many other audio visual devices.
The interface supports, all on one cable, the video formats for all PC’s or TV’s including up to 8 channels of digital audio which may be compressed or uncompressed and a Consumer Electronics Control connection. The CEC connector enables many High Definition units to have control over each other and also permits multiple units to be operated from a single remote handset.
Because DVI (Digital Visual Interface) and HDMI signals are electrically compatible, it is not necessary to convert the signals. Also, there is no video quality loss suffered by using the adapter cable. The current standard for the high definition interface is fast becoming the digital replacement for co-axial cable, S-Video, composite video, VGA, D-Terminal and SCART.
The interface is on its way to becoming the accepted standard for inclusion on all HDTV’s and In-Stat, a marketing intelligence company, has claimed that the interface was fitted to approximately 90 percent of digital TV’s in 2007. Another estimate by In-Stat was that during 2008 around 229 million were sold while in 2009 the updated estimate was 394 million with a further prediction that all TV sets would have one of these connectors at least, by the end of 2009.
The connector has four distinct types, which are named A, B, C and D. The A type has been designed with nineteen pins. It is compatible with the single link DVI-D standard. The B type’s design supports 29 pins and carries twice the video bandwidth supported by Type A. The design of Type C reverts to the nineteen pin format but has been modified for use with portable equipment. Type D is also a nineteen pin connector but it is a micro type and its reduced size looks more like a micro-USB connector.
There are several versions of the HDMI standard with each version being allocated a number. Currently versions 1.0 to 1.2, 1.3 and 1.4 are available with all of the versions using the same cable but having increased bandwidth and capabilities for each subsequent version number. Although a maximum length for the cable has not been specified, resistance in the cable and the way it has been manufactured together with the materials used, places a limit on usable lengths. HDMI to DVI cable is currently manufactured in lengths ranging between 5 and 15 meters.
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Multimedia LearningFor hundreds of years verbal messages such as lectures and printed lessons have been the primary means of explaining ideas to learners. Although verbal learning offers a powerful tool, this book explores ways of going beyond the purely verbal. Recent advances in graphics technology and information technology have prompted new efforts to understand the potential of multimedia learning as a means of promoting human understanding. In Multimedia Learning, Second Edition, Richard E. Mayer examines whether people learn more deeply when ideas are expressed in words and pictures rather than in words alone. He reviews 12 principles of instructional design that are based on experimental research studies and grounded in a theory of how people learn from words and pictures. The result is what Mayer calls the cognitive theory of multimedia learning, a theory first developed in the first edition of Multimedia Learning and further developed in The Cambridge Handbook of Multimedia Learning.